Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of endometriosis is still unknown, but several factors may contribute to its development. Some potential causes and risk factors include:
Retrograde Menstruation
When menstrual blood flows back into the pelvic cavity instead of leaving the body, it can lead to the implantation of endometrial tissue. Although 90% of women experience retrograde menstruation, only 10% have endometriosis. Therefore, there must be other factors like immune function and genetics at play, which needs more research.
Hormonal Imbalance
Hormonal imbalances, may contribute to the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus since endometriosis is an estrogen dependent disorder.
Genetic Predisposition
Endometriosis tends to run in families, suggesting a genetic component. Having a grandmother, mother, or sister that had or has endometriosis is associated with a higher risk.
Periods an early Age
As time passes, periods have had an earlier onset. Early periods (<12 years old) is associated with a significant increase risk of endometriosis
General Questions
In this section, we invite you to explore your questions about endometriosis. Find answers to common concerns, ranging from symptoms and diagnosis to treatment and support options.
What is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing pain and possibly fertility issues. It commonly involves the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the tissue lining your pelvis.
What are the symptoms of Endometriosis?
Symptoms vary for every individual but may include painful periods (dysmenorrhea), pain during intercourse, pain with bowel movements or urination, excessive bleeding, infertility, fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, bloating, and nausea, especially during menstrual periods.
Who is at risk of developing Endometriosis?
Any menstruating individual can develop endometriosis, so this can start as a teenager. Risk factors include never giving birth, starting your period at an early age, going through menopause at an older age, short menstrual cycles, having higher levels of estrogen, low body mass index, alcohol consumption, and having a family history of endometriosis.
How is Endometriosis diagnosed?
Diagnosis may involve pelvic exams, ultrasounds, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and laparoscopy. Laparoscopy, a surgical diagnostic procedure, is considered the gold standard for diagnosing endometriosis. It is important to talk to your doctor about your symptoms.
Can Endometriosis be cured?
How does Endometriosis affect fertility?
Approximately 30% to 50% of women with endometriosis experience infertility. Endometriosis can affect fertility in several ways, but many women with mild to moderate endometriosis can still conceive and carry a pregnancy to term.
What lifestyle changes can help manage Endometriosis symptoms?
Every person is different. Regular exercise, a healthy diet, acupuncture, and pelvic floor physical therapy may help manage symptoms. Avoiding large amounts of alcohol and caffeine may also be beneficial.
Is Endometriosis related to cancer?
Endometriosis lesions themselves are benign (not cancerous). However, research suggests that having endometriosis may increase the risk of certain types of ovarian cancer, known as epithelial ovarian cancer.
Can men get Endometriosis?
Endometriosis typically affects individuals with a uterus. There are extremely rare cases where endometrial tissue has been found in men, but such instances are exceptionally rare and usually occur with exposure to estrogen therapy.
Where can I find support if I’ve been diagnosed with Endometriosis?
There are many support groups and resources available for individuals with endometriosis. Online forums, local support groups, and national endometriosis organizations can offer support, information, and advocacy for those living with the condition.